ABAP正确定义后台作业的姿势

前言：

SAP中相同程序的后台作业如果在同一时间段内有多个作业在重复执行，可能会导致数据（凭证、主数据、操作）重复（因锁时间差）问题或者每个job都执行时间很长（因为互相锁，导致交替执行，锁的时候就要等待）。

为此，ABAP在释放后台作业的时候，应该考虑判断一下后台是否有相同程序的作业处于未完成状态，如果有则不创建新的作业。

当然，其实最好是有专门的工具来管理作业，到了触发点自动向SAP下发作业，这样不用在SM37里设置死的话作业的监控和管理都更灵活了。SAP合作伙伴有类似的工具，叫CPS，很多大公司都在用。

cps是一个组件包，打到基于SAP Java底层的系统里就能用了。

以下是SAP关于cps的简介

https://blogs.sap.com/2012/04/02/sap-central-process-scheduling-by-redwood-cps/

SAP网站上说最新的管理后台作业的组件已经升级为BPA了，可以从cps进行升级。

https://blogs.sap.com/2015/03/23/sap-business-process-automation-by-redwood/

以下是最佳实践：

代码来源于程序SAPRSEUT

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Einplanen Neuer Verwendungsnachweis falls noch niemals gelaufen oder
* neue Version gebraucht wird.
  PERFORM schedule_wul_job. 

FORM schedule_wul_job.
  DATA:
    l_sap_cus        TYPE sysysid,
    l_job_program    TYPE syrepid,
    l_job_start_date TYPE tbtco-sdlstrtdt,
    l_job_start_time TYPE tbtco-sdlstrttm,
    l_job_exists     TYPE abap_bool,
    l_seltype(8)     TYPE c,
    l_sap            TYPE sychar01,
    l_version_wrong  TYPE sychar01,
    l_upgrade_or_sp  TYPE sychar01.

* Prüfen, ob SAP internes System
  CALL FUNCTION 'TR_SYS_PARAMS'
    IMPORTING
      systemtype = l_sap_cus
    EXCEPTIONS
      OTHERS     = 0.

  CALL FUNCTION 'RS_WHERE_USED_LIST_CHECK_STATE'
    IMPORTING
      version_wrong = l_version_wrong
      upgrade_or_sp = l_upgrade_or_sp
      sap           = l_sap.

  IF l_version_wrong NE space OR
* In SAP internen Systemen wird auch bei Upgrade oder SP neuer Index aufgebaut
  (  l_upgrade_or_sp NE space AND l_sap_cus = 'SAP' ).
    IF l_sap = abap_true.
      l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUB'.
    ELSE.
      l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUC'.
    ENDIF.

    IF l_seltype = 'SAP'.
      l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUB'.
    ELSEIF l_seltype = 'CLIENT'.
      l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUC'.
    ENDIF.

    l_job_start_date = sy-datum.
    l_job_start_time = '200000'.                              " 20:00

    IF sy-uzeit GE l_job_start_time.
      l_job_start_date = sy-datum + 1.
    ENDIF.

    PERFORM read_job USING 'EU_INIT' l_job_program l_job_exists.
    IF l_job_exists = space.
      PERFORM generate_job
        USING 'EU_INIT' l_job_program
              l_job_start_date l_job_start_time.
    ENDIF.
  ENDIF.
ENDFORM. 

FORM read_job USING jobname programname found.

*  INCLUDE lbtchdef.  " the INCLUDE statement is commented out and the 'btc_...' constants below are replaced,
  " otherwise there are package check errors (rd 12/2006)

  DATA: l_job_set TYPE tbtco OCCURS 0,
        l_job     TYPE tbtco.

  DATA BEGIN OF step_list OCCURS 1.
  INCLUDE STRUCTURE tbtcstep.
  DATA END OF step_list.

  found = space.

  CLEAR l_job_set.

  SELECT * FROM tbtco
     INTO TABLE l_job_set
     WHERE ( jobname =  jobname OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUB'
             OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUC' OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUD' )

           AND
  status  IN ('S','Z','R') .  " btc_released, btc_put_active, btc_running

  CHECK sy-subrc = 0.                                       " E X I T

  CLEAR l_job.
  LOOP AT l_job_set INTO l_job.

    CLEAR step_list. REFRESH step_list.
    CALL FUNCTION 'BP_JOB_READ'
      EXPORTING
        job_read_jobcount = l_job-jobcount
        job_read_jobname  = l_job-jobname
        job_read_opcode   = 20    " btc_read_all_jobdata
      TABLES
        job_read_steplist = step_list
      EXCEPTIONS
        OTHERS            = 01.

    CHECK sy-subrc = 0.                                     " E X I T

    LOOP AT step_list.                                  "#EC CI_NOORDER
      IF step_list-program = programname.
        found = abap_true.
        EXIT.                                           "#EC CI_NOORDER
      ENDIF.
    ENDLOOP.

  ENDLOOP.

ENDFORM.
FORM generate_job USING jobname   programname
                        startdate starttime.

  DATA: rdd_jobname  LIKE tbtco-jobname,
        rdd_report   LIKE sy-repid,
        rdd_username LIKE tbtco-authcknam,
        rdd_strttime LIKE tbtco-sdlstrttm,
        rdd_strtdate LIKE tbtco-sdlstrtdt,
        rdd_jobcount LIKE tbtco-jobcount,
        return_code  LIKE sy-subrc.

  rdd_username = sy-uname.
  rdd_jobname = jobname.
  rdd_report  = programname.
  CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_OPEN'
    EXPORTING
      jobname  = rdd_jobname
    IMPORTING
      jobcount = rdd_jobcount
    EXCEPTIONS
      OTHERS   = 01.
  IF sy-subrc = 0.
    CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_SUBMIT'
      EXPORTING
        jobname   = rdd_jobname
        jobcount  = rdd_jobcount
        authcknam = rdd_username
        report    = rdd_report
      EXCEPTIONS
        OTHERS    = 01.
    IF sy-subrc = 0.
*       Startdaten
      rdd_strtdate = startdate.
      rdd_strttime = starttime.
      CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_CLOSE'
        EXPORTING
          jobname   = rdd_jobname
          sdlstrtdt = rdd_strtdate
          sdlstrttm = rdd_strttime
          jobcount  = rdd_jobcount
        EXCEPTIONS
          OTHERS    = 01.

    ENDIF.
    IF sy-subrc NE 0.
      return_code = sy-subrc.
      CALL FUNCTION 'BP_JOB_DELETE'
        EXPORTING
          jobcount = rdd_jobcount
          jobname  = rdd_jobname
        EXCEPTIONS
          OTHERS   = 0.
      sy-subrc = return_code.
    ENDIF.
  ENDIF.
  IF sy-subrc NE 0.
    MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE 'S' NUMBER sy-msgno.
  ENDIF.

ENDFORM.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Einplanen Neuer Verwendungsnachweis falls noch niemals gelaufen oder

* neue Version gebraucht wird.

PERFORM schedule_wul_job.

FORM schedule_wul_job.

DATA:

l_sap_cus TYPE sysysid,

l_job_program TYPE syrepid,

l_job_start_date TYPE tbtco-sdlstrtdt,

l_job_start_time TYPE tbtco-sdlstrttm,

l_job_exists TYPE abap_bool,

l_seltype(8) TYPE c,

l_sap TYPE sychar01,

l_version_wrong TYPE sychar01,

l_upgrade_or_sp TYPE sychar01.

* Prüfen, ob SAP internes System

CALL FUNCTION 'TR_SYS_PARAMS'

IMPORTING

systemtype = l_sap_cus

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 0.

CALL FUNCTION 'RS_WHERE_USED_LIST_CHECK_STATE'

IMPORTING

version_wrong = l_version_wrong

upgrade_or_sp = l_upgrade_or_sp

sap = l_sap.

IF l_version_wrong NE space OR

* In SAP internen Systemen wird auch bei Upgrade oder SP neuer Index aufgebaut

( l_upgrade_or_sp NE space AND l_sap_cus = 'SAP' ).

IF l_sap = abap_true.

l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUB'.

ELSE.

l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUC'.

ENDIF.

IF l_seltype = 'SAP'.

l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUB'.

ELSEIF l_seltype = 'CLIENT'.

l_job_program = 'SAPRSEUC'.

ENDIF.

l_job_start_date = sy-datum.

l_job_start_time = '200000'. " 20:00

IF sy-uzeit GE l_job_start_time.

l_job_start_date = sy-datum + 1.

ENDIF.

PERFORM read_job USING 'EU_INIT' l_job_program l_job_exists.

IF l_job_exists = space.

PERFORM generate_job

USING 'EU_INIT' l_job_program

l_job_start_date l_job_start_time.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM.

FORM read_job USING jobname programname found.

* INCLUDE lbtchdef. " the INCLUDE statement is commented out and the 'btc_...' constants below are replaced,

" otherwise there are package check errors (rd 12/2006)

DATA: l_job_set TYPE tbtco OCCURS 0,

l_job TYPE tbtco.

DATA BEGIN OF step_list OCCURS 1.

INCLUDE STRUCTURE tbtcstep.

DATA END OF step_list.

found = space.

CLEAR l_job_set.

SELECT * FROM tbtco

INTO TABLE l_job_set

WHERE ( jobname = jobname OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUB'

OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUC' OR jobname = 'SAPRSEUD' )

AND

status IN ('S','Z','R') . " btc_released, btc_put_active, btc_running

CHECK sy-subrc = 0. " E X I T

CLEAR l_job.

LOOP AT l_job_set INTO l_job.

CLEAR step_list. REFRESH step_list.

CALL FUNCTION 'BP_JOB_READ'

EXPORTING

job_read_jobcount = l_job-jobcount

job_read_jobname = l_job-jobname

job_read_opcode = 20 " btc_read_all_jobdata

TABLES

job_read_steplist = step_list

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 01.

CHECK sy-subrc = 0. " E X I T

LOOP AT step_list. "#EC CI_NOORDER

IF step_list-program = programname.

found = abap_true.

EXIT. "#EC CI_NOORDER

ENDIF.

ENDLOOP.

ENDFORM.

FORM generate_job USING jobname programname

startdate starttime.

DATA: rdd_jobname LIKE tbtco-jobname,

rdd_report LIKE sy-repid,

rdd_username LIKE tbtco-authcknam,

rdd_strttime LIKE tbtco-sdlstrttm,

rdd_strtdate LIKE tbtco-sdlstrtdt,

rdd_jobcount LIKE tbtco-jobcount,

return_code LIKE sy-subrc.

rdd_username = sy-uname.

rdd_jobname = jobname.

rdd_report = programname.

CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_OPEN'

EXPORTING

jobname = rdd_jobname

IMPORTING

jobcount = rdd_jobcount

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 01.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_SUBMIT'

EXPORTING

jobname = rdd_jobname

jobcount = rdd_jobcount

authcknam = rdd_username

report = rdd_report

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 01.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

* Startdaten

rdd_strtdate = startdate.

rdd_strttime = starttime.

CALL FUNCTION 'JOB_CLOSE'

EXPORTING

jobname = rdd_jobname

sdlstrtdt = rdd_strtdate

sdlstrttm = rdd_strttime

jobcount = rdd_jobcount

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 01.

ENDIF.

IF sy-subrc NE 0.

return_code = sy-subrc.

CALL FUNCTION 'BP_JOB_DELETE'

EXPORTING

jobcount = rdd_jobcount

jobname = rdd_jobname

EXCEPTIONS

OTHERS = 0.

sy-subrc = return_code.

ENDIF.

IF sy-subrc NE 0.

MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE 'S' NUMBER sy-msgno.

ENDIF.

ENDFORM.

发表评论 取消回复

发表评论取消回复