CO生产订单业务流程

SAP财务模块其实拥有脱离后勤模块独立核算的功能，例如FB60、FB70可以在独立于VF01、MIRO的情况下建立往来账，KKE1和CKUC可以独立于数量结构做成本估算，F-90可以独立于PO完成固定资产的购买业务。同理，内部订单也可以处理生产业务，实际上内部订单的很多配置、逻辑和PP生产订单很相似。

PP生产订单通过CO01、CO07等CO开头的事务代码创建，CO生产订单通过KKF1创建，CO生产订单主要用于没有上PP模块的情况。

PP生产订单和CO生产订单的区别

1. You create a production order with or without quantity structure.

If you are using the Production Planning (PP) component, create the production order there.

If you are not using the Production Planning component, you can create a production order in Controlling (CO); this production order represents the PP production order from the cost accounting point of view. You can carry out all the functions of Cost Object Controlling for this order and you can create a goods receipt for the material produced.

You cannot carry out functions of Production Planning (such as scheduling or capacity planning) for this order.

2. You create a preliminary cost estimate for the order.

If you are using the PP component, a preliminary cost estimate will be created when you create the order. This cost estimate calculates the planned costs for the order. The preliminary cost estimate can be created when the order is saved or released. This cost estimate uses the quantity structure of the order.

If you are using a production order without a quantity structure, you must manually enter the planned costs for the order.

3. You enter actual costs for the order.

You can post actual costs on the order when it is released. Actual costs arise when materials are withdrawn for the order or when activities are performed. You can look at the results of simultaneous costing at any time.

4. You post a goods receipt.

As soon as you enter a goods receipt, costs are passed on to stock. This goods movement is valued with a preliminary price (normally the standard price). The order is credited.

In the case of process orders with co-products, the order item rather than the order is credited.

5. You perform the period-end closing activities.

You perform the following activities at the end of the period:

Process cost allocation

Revaluation of activities at actual prices

Overhead calculation

WIP calculation

Variance calculation

Settlement

The remaining costs for delivered orders are settled at the end of the production process. The price control indicator in the material master record of the material being produced determines whether these costs are written to a material stock account or a price difference account.

6. Archiving

When the production order has been completely settled, you can delete it or archive it.

7. Others

As per to my understanding CO01 – Production order with material,with quantity structure.

KKF1 – CO production order without a quantity Structure.

Morever in KKF1 for the production order,the system generates a settlement rule automatically.

In CO01,we define the Allocation structure,Settlement rule etc.

CO生产订单的业务流程

We would like to see how the following CO Production Order steps are processed within SAP.

1. Creation and Release of a CO Production Order for a specific Material/Plant

Figure 1.1 KKF1 – Create CO Production Order: Initial screen – Order Type, Material and Plant are entered.

Figure 1.2 KKF1 – Create CO Production Order: Master data screen, Order text and Profit Center are entered.

Figure 1.3 KKF1 – Create CO Production Order: Settlement Rule screen – Settlement to Material is defaulted.

Figure 1.4 KKF1 – Create CO Production Order: Control data screen – Order is released automatically, based on setup in KOT2 for Order Type CP01.

Figure 1.5 KKF1 – Create CO Production Order: Order 702687 is created.

2. Updating the Plan Costs on the CO Production Order

Figure 2.1 CK13N / MM03 – Standard cost estimate: Itemization view showing details of cost – Material and Activities.

Figure 2.2 KKF4 – Order Planning screen, Costing Variant and Lot Size are entered for the given order 702687.

Figure 2.3 KKF4 – Order Planning screen, Unit cost estimate details are entered for the given order 702687 (CK13N data was replicated).

Figure 2.4 KKF3 – Order Cost Analysis screen, planned costs are seen on the order.

3. Issuing Raw Materials to the CO Production Order

Figure 3.1 MB1A – Goods Issue initial screen, Movement Type 261, Plant, storage location are entered.

Figure 3.2 MB1A – Goods Issue detail screen, Material number, quantity and batch are entered

Figure 3.3 MB1A – Goods Issue Material Document is posted

Figure 3.4 MB03 – Material Document for Goods Issue is displayed

Figure 3.5 FB03 – Financial Accounting Document for Goods Issue is displayed.

4. Posting Activity Type Quantities on the CO Production Order 

Figure 4.1 KB21N – Activity Allocation for Order – Cost Center, Activity Type, Order and Quantity are entered.

Figure 4.2 KB23N – Activity Allocation document for Order is displayed.

5. Calculating Overhead Costs on the CO Production Order

Figure 5.1 KGI2 – Overhead calculation: Order number, year and period are entered

Figure 5.2 KGI2 – Overhead calculation: detailed conditions are displayed, 20% overhead is applied on raw materials

Figure 5.3 KGI2 – Overhead calculation: overhead is applied on the order, cost center is credited

6. Posting the Finished Product Goods Receipt on the CO Production Order

Figure 6.1 MB31 – Goods Receipt for Order: Movement Type 101, Order Number, Plant, Storage Location are entered.

Figure 6.2 MB31 – Goods Receipt for Order: Quantity and Batch are entered.

Figure 6.3 MB31 – Material Document for Goods Receipt is posted.

Figure 6.4 MB03 – Material Document for Goods Receipt is displayed

Figure 6.5 FB03 – Financial Accounting Document for Goods Receipt is displayed.

Figure 6.6 KKF3 – CO Production Order Cost Analysis screen is displayed (after all postings, but before settlement).

7. Calculating Variances on the CO Production Order

Figure 7.1 KKS2 – Variance calculation for order. Order, Year, Period are entered.

Figure 7.2 KKS2 – Variance calculation for order – variance by cost element is displayed.

8. Settling the CO Production Order to CO-PA

Figure 8.1 KO88 – Settlement for order. Order, Year, Period are entered

Figure 8.2 KO88 – Settlement for order, with accounting documents displayed.

Figure 8.3 KO88 – Settlement for order. Costs settled to material in full

参考文章：https://www.erpfixers.com/blog/steps-to-process-a-co-production-order